Structural Judgments in Peru: Challenges and Perspectives

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11117/rdp.v22i113.8751

Abstract

The paper analyzes structural judgments as a judicial tool to address massive and persistent violations of fundamental rights. Originating from Brown v. Board of Education (1954) in United States, this mechanism has evolved in countries such as Colombia, South Africa, and India, aiming to remedy systemic inequality. In Peru, the Constitutional Court has gradually adopted structural remedies in areas like health, education, and cultural rights, through complex orders, judicial supervision, and interinstitutional coordination. The study identifies key challenges—jurisdictional limits, democratic legitimacy, lack of consistent standards, and institutional weakness—and proposes improvements based on clear jurisprudential criteria, civic participation, and state capacity building. It concludes that structural litigation redefines the judge’s role, turning constitutional justice into a vehicle for social transformation and collective rights protection.

 

KEYWORDS: Structural Process; Unconstitutional State of Affairs; Fundamental Rights; Constitutional Court; Peru.

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Author Biography

Cesar Landa Arroyo, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Lima. Peru

Profesor de Derecho Constitucional en la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú y en la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Vicepresidente de la International Association of Constitiutional Law, Ex Presidente del Tribunal Constitucional del Perú. ORCID: 0000-0003-0801-8873.

Published

2025-12-05

How to Cite

Landa Arroyo, C. (2025). Structural Judgments in Peru: Challenges and Perspectives. Direito Público, 22(113). https://doi.org/10.11117/rdp.v22i113.8751

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Dossiê "Processo Estrutural: para que e como regular?” para a Revista Direito Público"